Parsnips and turnips are two of the most underrated root vegetables in the culinary world. While they may not be as popular as their counterparts, such as carrots and potatoes, they offer a unique flavor profile and texture that can elevate any dish. In this article, we will delve into the world of parsnips and turnips, exploring their history, nutritional benefits, and most importantly, how to cook them to perfection.
A Brief History of Parsnips and Turnips
Parsnips and turnips have been a part of human cuisine for thousands of years. Parsnips, which are native to Europe and Asia, were first cultivated by the ancient Romans, who prized them for their sweet, nutty flavor. Turnips, on the other hand, originated in Europe and were a staple crop during the Middle Ages. They were often pickled or boiled and served as a side dish.
Nutritional Benefits of Parsnips and Turnips
Both parsnips and turnips are low in calories and rich in nutrients, making them an excellent addition to a healthy diet. Here are some of the key nutritional benefits of each:
- Parsnips:
- High in fiber, which can help lower cholesterol levels and promote digestive health
- Rich in vitamin C, which can help boost the immune system
- Good source of potassium, which can help lower blood pressure
- Turnips:
- Low in calories and high in water content, making them an excellent choice for those trying to lose weight
- Rich in vitamin C and potassium, which can help promote overall health
- Good source of fiber, which can help regulate bowel movements
Choosing the Right Parsnips and Turnips
When it comes to choosing parsnips and turnips, there are a few things to keep in mind. Here are some tips to help you select the best:
- Parsnips:
- Look for parsnips that are firm and straight, with no signs of bruising or soft spots
- Choose parsnips that are between 6-12 inches long, as they will be sweeter and less fibrous
- Avoid parsnips that are too large, as they can be woody and bitter
- Turnips:
- Look for turnips that are firm and compact, with no signs of bruising or soft spots
- Choose turnips that are between 2-4 inches in diameter, as they will be sweeter and less fibrous
- Avoid turnips that are too large, as they can be bitter and fibrous
Preparing Parsnips and Turnips for Cooking
Before cooking parsnips and turnips, it’s essential to prepare them properly. Here are some steps to follow:
- Parsnips:
- Peel the parsnips using a vegetable peeler, making sure to remove any tough or fibrous skin
- Trim the ends of the parsnips and cut them into the desired shape (e.g., slices, sticks, or cubes)
- Soak the parsnips in cold water for at least 30 minutes to remove any excess starch
- Turnips:
- Peel the turnips using a vegetable peeler, making sure to remove any tough or fibrous skin
- Trim the ends of the turnips and cut them into the desired shape (e.g., slices, sticks, or cubes)
- Soak the turnips in cold water for at least 30 minutes to remove any excess starch
Cooking Methods for Parsnips and Turnips
There are several ways to cook parsnips and turnips, each bringing out their unique flavor and texture. Here are some of the most popular cooking methods:
Roasting Parsnips and Turnips
Roasting is an excellent way to bring out the natural sweetness of parsnips and turnips. Here’s a basic recipe to get you started:
- Preheat the oven to 425°F (220°C)
- Toss the parsnips or turnips with olive oil, salt, and pepper
- Spread the parsnips or turnips in a single layer on a baking sheet
- Roast for 20-30 minutes, or until tender and caramelized
Boiling Parsnips and Turnips
Boiling is a simple and quick way to cook parsnips and turnips. Here’s a basic recipe to get you started:
- Fill a large pot with cold water and add a pinch of salt
- Bring the water to a boil and add the parsnips or turnips
- Boil for 10-15 minutes, or until tender
- Drain the parsnips or turnips and serve
Sautéing Parsnips and Turnips
Sautéing is an excellent way to add flavor and texture to parsnips and turnips. Here’s a basic recipe to get you started:
- Heat a tablespoon of olive oil in a pan over medium heat
- Add the parsnips or turnips and cook for 5-7 minutes, or until tender and lightly browned
- Season with salt, pepper, and any other desired herbs or spices
Mashing Parsnips and Turnips
Mashing is an excellent way to bring out the creamy texture of parsnips and turnips. Here’s a basic recipe to get you started:
- Boil the parsnips or turnips until tender
- Drain the parsnips or turnips and mash with butter, milk, and any other desired herbs or spices
Recipe Ideas for Parsnips and Turnips
Here are some delicious recipe ideas to get you started:
- Parsnip and Apple Soup: A creamy and comforting soup made with roasted parsnips, apples, and onions
- Turnip and Carrot Slaw: A refreshing and crunchy slaw made with shredded turnips, carrots, and a tangy dressing
- Roasted Parsnip and Brussels Sprouts Salad: A hearty and flavorful salad made with roasted parsnips, Brussels sprouts, and a tangy vinaigrette
Parsnip and Turnip Variations
There are several variations of parsnips and turnips, each with its unique flavor and texture. Here are a few to try:
- Parsnip varieties:
- ‘All American’: A popular variety with a sweet and nutty flavor
- ‘Harris Model’: A variety with a sweet and slightly spicy flavor
- ‘Javelin’: A variety with a sweet and crunchy texture
- Turnip varieties:
- ‘Purple Top’: A variety with a sweet and slightly peppery flavor
- ‘White Lady’: A variety with a sweet and crunchy texture
- ‘Shogoin’: A variety with a sweet and slightly spicy flavor
Conclusion
Parsnips and turnips are two of the most underrated root vegetables in the culinary world. With their unique flavor profile and texture, they can elevate any dish from ordinary to extraordinary. By following the tips and recipes outlined in this article, you’ll be well on your way to unlocking the flavors of parsnips and turnips. So next time you’re at the grocery store, be sure to pick up a few parsnips and turnips and start experimenting with these delicious and nutritious root vegetables.
What are the key differences between parsnips and turnips?
Parsnips and turnips are both root vegetables, but they belong to different plant families and have distinct characteristics. Parsnips are typically larger and sweeter, with a nutty flavor, while turnips are smaller and have a peppery taste. Parsnips are also higher in calories and fiber compared to turnips.
When it comes to cooking, parsnips are often roasted or boiled to bring out their natural sweetness, while turnips can be cooked in a variety of ways, including boiling, steaming, or sautéing. Understanding the differences between these two vegetables can help you choose the right one for your recipe and prepare it accordingly.
How do I choose the best parsnips and turnips at the market?
When selecting parsnips and turnips at the market, look for firm, smooth roots with no signs of bruising or soft spots. For parsnips, choose ones that are heavy for their size and have a sweet, earthy aroma. For turnips, opt for smaller, younger roots with a sweet, slightly peppery flavor.
Avoid parsnips and turnips that are too large or too old, as they can be fibrous and bitter. Also, check the leaves and stems for freshness and avoid any with wilted or yellowing leaves. By choosing the best parsnips and turnips, you can ensure that your dishes are flavorful and delicious.
Can I use parsnips and turnips interchangeably in recipes?
While parsnips and turnips share some similarities, they are not interchangeable in all recipes. Parsnips are generally sweeter and nuttier, while turnips are peppery and slightly bitter. Using the wrong vegetable can alter the flavor and texture of your dish.
That being said, there are some recipes where you can substitute parsnips for turnips or vice versa. For example, in soups and stews, the flavors of the two vegetables can meld together and create a delicious, comforting dish. However, in recipes where the vegetable is the main ingredient, it’s best to use the one specified to ensure the best flavor and texture.
How do I store parsnips and turnips to keep them fresh?
To keep parsnips and turnips fresh, store them in a cool, dark place with good ventilation. You can store them in the refrigerator, but make sure they are dry and not touching each other. For longer storage, you can also store them in a root cellar or a cool, dark cupboard.
It’s also important to handle parsnips and turnips gently to avoid bruising or damaging them. Avoid washing them before storing, as excess moisture can cause them to rot. Instead, gently brush off any dirt or debris and store them as is.
Can I eat parsnips and turnips raw?
Yes, you can eat parsnips and turnips raw, but they may not be as palatable as cooked versions. Raw parsnips can be sweet and crunchy, making them a great addition to salads or slaws. Raw turnips, on the other hand, can be peppery and slightly bitter, but they can add a nice crunch to salads or sandwiches.
However, it’s worth noting that raw parsnips and turnips can be difficult to digest for some people. Cooking them can break down some of the cell walls and make them easier to digest. If you do choose to eat them raw, make sure to peel and chop them finely to reduce any digestive discomfort.
How do I cook parsnips and turnips to bring out their natural sweetness?
To bring out the natural sweetness of parsnips and turnips, cook them using methods that caramelize their natural sugars. Roasting is a great way to do this, as it brings out the sweetness and adds a nice depth of flavor. Simply peel and chop the vegetables, toss with oil and your choice of spices, and roast in the oven until tender and caramelized.
Boiling or steaming can also help bring out the sweetness, but be careful not to overcook them. Overcooking can make them mushy and unappetizing. Instead, cook them until they are tender but still crisp, then season with butter, salt, and pepper to enhance their natural flavor.
Can I use parsnips and turnips in sweet dishes?
Yes, you can use parsnips and turnips in sweet dishes, particularly parsnips. Parsnips have a natural sweetness that makes them a great addition to sweet dishes like cakes, muffins, and breads. They can add a sweet, nutty flavor and a moist texture to baked goods.
Turnips, on the other hand, are not typically used in sweet dishes, as they have a peppery flavor that can clash with sweet ingredients. However, you can use them in sweet and savory dishes like soups or stews, where their flavor can add depth and complexity. Experiment with different recipes to find the best way to use parsnips and turnips in your cooking.