Cooking a perfect steak can be a daunting task, especially for those who are new to grilling or pan-searing. One of the most common questions that arise when cooking steak is how long to cook it per side. The answer to this question depends on several factors, including the type of steak, its thickness, and the level of doneness desired. In this article, we will explore the different factors that affect cooking time and provide a comprehensive guide on how to cook the perfect steak.
Understanding Steak Types and Their Cooking Times
There are several types of steak, each with its unique characteristics and cooking times. Here are some of the most common types of steak and their recommended cooking times:
Ribeye Steak
Ribeye steak is a rich, tender cut of beef that is known for its marbling and rich flavor. Due to its high fat content, ribeye steak cooks relatively quickly. For a 1-inch thick ribeye steak, cook for 4-5 minutes per side for medium-rare, 5-6 minutes per side for medium, and 6-7 minutes per side for medium-well.
Sirloin Steak
Sirloin steak is a leaner cut of beef that is known for its firmer texture and slightly sweet flavor. Sirloin steak cooks more slowly than ribeye steak due to its lower fat content. For a 1-inch thick sirloin steak, cook for 5-6 minutes per side for medium-rare, 6-7 minutes per side for medium, and 7-8 minutes per side for medium-well.
Filet Mignon Steak
Filet mignon steak is a tender and lean cut of beef that is known for its buttery texture and mild flavor. Due to its low fat content, filet mignon steak cooks relatively slowly. For a 1-inch thick filet mignon steak, cook for 6-7 minutes per side for medium-rare, 7-8 minutes per side for medium, and 8-9 minutes per side for medium-well.
Factors That Affect Cooking Time
Several factors can affect the cooking time of steak, including:
Steak Thickness
The thickness of the steak is one of the most significant factors that affect cooking time. Thicker steaks take longer to cook than thinner steaks. As a general rule, add 1-2 minutes to the cooking time for every additional 1/4 inch of thickness.
Heat Level
The heat level of the grill or pan can also affect cooking time. Higher heat levels cook steak more quickly, while lower heat levels cook steak more slowly.
Level of Doneness
The level of doneness is another critical factor that affects cooking time. Steak can be cooked to various levels of doneness, including rare, medium-rare, medium, medium-well, and well-done. The cooking time will vary depending on the level of doneness desired.
Cooking Techniques
There are several cooking techniques that can be used to cook steak, including grilling, pan-searing, and oven broiling. Each technique has its unique advantages and disadvantages.
Grilling
Grilling is a popular cooking technique that involves cooking steak over direct heat. Grilling adds a smoky flavor to the steak and can create a nice char on the outside. To grill steak, preheat the grill to medium-high heat and cook for 4-6 minutes per side for medium-rare, 5-7 minutes per side for medium, and 6-8 minutes per side for medium-well.
Pan-Searing
Pan-searing is a cooking technique that involves cooking steak in a hot skillet. Pan-searing adds a crispy crust to the steak and can create a rich, caramelized flavor. To pan-sear steak, heat a skillet over medium-high heat and cook for 3-5 minutes per side for medium-rare, 4-6 minutes per side for medium, and 5-7 minutes per side for medium-well.
Oven Broiling
Oven broiling is a cooking technique that involves cooking steak in the oven. Oven broiling is a low-maintenance cooking technique that can produce consistent results. To oven broil steak, preheat the oven to 400°F (200°C) and cook for 8-12 minutes for medium-rare, 12-15 minutes for medium, and 15-18 minutes for medium-well.
Internal Temperature
Internal temperature is a critical factor in determining the level of doneness. The internal temperature of the steak should be checked using a meat thermometer to ensure that it reaches a safe minimum internal temperature.
| Level of Doneness | Internal Temperature |
|---|---|
| Rare | 120°F – 130°F (49°C – 54°C) |
| Medium-Rare | 130°F – 135°F (54°C – 57°C) |
| Medium | 140°F – 145°F (60°C – 63°C) |
| Medium-Well | 150°F – 155°F (66°C – 68°C) |
| Well-Done | 160°F – 170°F (71°C – 77°C) |
Resting Time
Resting time is an essential step in cooking steak. After cooking the steak, it should be removed from the heat and allowed to rest for 5-10 minutes. This allows the juices to redistribute, making the steak more tender and flavorful.
Conclusion
Cooking the perfect steak requires attention to detail and a understanding of the factors that affect cooking time. By considering the type of steak, its thickness, heat level, and level of doneness, you can cook a steak that is both tender and flavorful. Remember to use a meat thermometer to check the internal temperature and allow the steak to rest for 5-10 minutes before serving. With practice and patience, you can become a steak-cooking master and impress your friends and family with your culinary skills.
Additional Tips
- Always use a cast-iron or stainless steel pan, as these retain heat well and can achieve a nice sear.
- Don’t press down on the steak with your spatula, as this can squeeze out juices and make the steak tough.
- Use a meat thermometer to check the internal temperature, as this is the most accurate way to determine the level of doneness.
- Let the steak rest for 5-10 minutes before serving, as this allows the juices to redistribute and the steak to retain its tenderness.
By following these tips and guidelines, you can cook a perfect steak that is both delicious and memorable.
What factors affect the cooking time per side of a steak?
The cooking time per side of a steak is affected by several factors, including the type and thickness of the steak, the heat level of the cooking surface, and the desired level of doneness. The type of steak can affect the cooking time, as different cuts have varying levels of marbling and density. For example, a ribeye steak with a lot of marbling will cook more quickly than a leaner cut like a sirloin.
The thickness of the steak is also a crucial factor in determining the cooking time per side. A thicker steak will require more time to cook to the desired level of doneness, while a thinner steak will cook more quickly. Additionally, the heat level of the cooking surface can impact the cooking time. A hot skillet or grill will sear the steak more quickly than a cooler surface.
How do I determine the ideal cooking time per side for my steak?
To determine the ideal cooking time per side for your steak, you’ll need to consider the factors mentioned above. Start by choosing a high-quality steak and bringing it to room temperature before cooking. This will help the steak cook more evenly. Next, preheat your cooking surface to the desired temperature. For a medium-rare steak, you’ll want to aim for a surface temperature of around 400°F to 450°F.
Once your cooking surface is hot, add a small amount of oil to the pan or grill and swirl it around to coat the surface. Place the steak on the cooking surface and sear for the recommended time per side, which can range from 2 to 5 minutes depending on the thickness of the steak and the desired level of doneness. Use a thermometer to check the internal temperature of the steak, and adjust the cooking time as needed.
What is the recommended cooking time per side for a rare steak?
For a rare steak, the recommended cooking time per side is typically around 2 to 3 minutes. This will result in a steak that is cooked to an internal temperature of around 120°F to 130°F. To achieve a rare steak, it’s essential to use a hot cooking surface and to not overcrowd the pan or grill. This will help to create a nice crust on the outside of the steak while keeping the inside juicy and red.
It’s also important to note that the cooking time per side may vary depending on the thickness of the steak. A thinner steak will cook more quickly than a thicker steak, so be sure to adjust the cooking time accordingly. Additionally, use a thermometer to check the internal temperature of the steak, and adjust the cooking time as needed to achieve the desired level of doneness.
How do I prevent my steak from becoming tough or overcooked?
To prevent your steak from becoming tough or overcooked, it’s essential to cook it to the right temperature and to not overcook it. Use a thermometer to check the internal temperature of the steak, and remove it from the heat when it reaches the desired temperature. For a medium-rare steak, this is typically around 130°F to 135°F.
It’s also important to let the steak rest for a few minutes before slicing it. This will help the juices to redistribute, resulting in a more tender and flavorful steak. Additionally, be sure to slice the steak against the grain, as this will help to break down the fibers and make the steak more tender.
Can I cook a steak in the oven instead of on the stovetop or grill?
Yes, you can cook a steak in the oven instead of on the stovetop or grill. In fact, oven-cooking can be a great way to cook a steak, especially if you’re looking for a more even cooking temperature. To cook a steak in the oven, preheat your oven to around 400°F to 450°F. Place the steak on a broiler pan or a rimmed baking sheet, and cook for around 8 to 12 minutes per side, depending on the thickness of the steak and the desired level of doneness.
One of the benefits of oven-cooking a steak is that it allows for a more even cooking temperature, which can result in a more consistent level of doneness. Additionally, oven-cooking can help to prevent the steak from becoming overcooked or tough, as it’s easier to control the temperature and cooking time.
How do I achieve a nice crust on my steak?
To achieve a nice crust on your steak, it’s essential to use a hot cooking surface and to not overcrowd the pan or grill. This will help to create a nice sear on the outside of the steak, which will add texture and flavor. Additionally, be sure to pat the steak dry with a paper towel before cooking, as this will help to remove excess moisture and promote browning.
It’s also important to use a small amount of oil in the pan or on the grill, as this will help to create a nice crust on the steak. You can also add aromatics like garlic or herbs to the pan or grill, which will add flavor to the steak. Finally, be sure to not stir the steak too much, as this can prevent the crust from forming.
Can I cook a frozen steak, or do I need to thaw it first?
It’s generally recommended to thaw a frozen steak before cooking it, as this will help to ensure even cooking and prevent the steak from becoming tough or overcooked. However, if you’re short on time, you can cook a frozen steak. To do this, simply increase the cooking time by around 50% to account for the frozen steak.
It’s also important to note that cooking a frozen steak can result in a lower-quality steak, as the freezing process can cause the fibers to break down and become tough. Additionally, cooking a frozen steak can make it more difficult to achieve a nice crust on the outside, as the excess moisture can prevent browning.